Franchising

Franchising a company is a big decision and a major change in direction for most companies. The good franchise systems are ones that plan appropriately and put together the pieces before they get into this game. As the saying goes, you either "when you fail to plan you are planning to fail". The same holds true for franchising. Good franchise endeavors have great franchise business plans. So what constitutes a good franchise business plan?

The key ingredients include several pieces, like any good recipe. If some of the ingredients are left out the final product just won't taste right, which in franchise business planning that means big problems. The business plan sets the stage for a franchise expansion program. It literally acts as the foundation upon which the house will be built. Everything in the franchise program should have uniformity and continuity with what is defined and determined in the franchise business plan.

The business plan should begin with goals and objectives. What is the purpose of franchising? What is the goal for the company and where do you plan on being in five years? These goals will set the standards for the plan and identify how you intend to get there. You then should establish the buyer profile, who will be purchasing these franchises and opening up locations of your operation? The better franchise plans have more specific descriptions. Bad example: "middle aged person with income around $100k". Good example: Female, ages 35-45, experience with children preferable age ranges between 5-12 years old, married, existing capital of $100k, sales ability, work ethic, married at least 5 years....etc.". Get specific in the franchise business plan, that means you are honing in on your targets.

We then need to define the business issues of the business model. What will a territory look like for the franchisees? We don't want to overcrowd markets and we also don't want to give away business. Franchising is about saturation, take advantage of all market opportunities. After the franchisees have been established it will be extremely critical to have an ongoing support program for the people who have committed their futures to this franchise organization. Good business plans clearly identify the training programs, processes and materials that will be used to get franchisees up and running and then to keep them happy and successful once in the system. With this comes hiring management and support staff. The franchise business plan should clearly identify who, when and what role they will fill in the franchise organization. The type of business will dictate how many people and at what times in the franchise expansion they should be brought on board.

The business plan should also go into specifics regarding the franchise fee structure. What will the franchise fee be for this model? What will the royalty percentage be......and why? Will there be an advertising budget set to build the brand and if so what is the buy in for the franchisee to be a part of that co-op ad fund? If there are products included in the franchise system that the franchisor would like to sell through franchisees what is the distribution structure for delivering and supporting that part of the franchise system? All of this should be clearly outlined in the franchise business plan.

In the end, a complete set of pro-formas and financials should be established to define the ROI for both the franchisee and the franchisor. This can be used as an investment tool, to raise capital and most importantly as a road map for running and operating the business as the system grows.